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Jelena Z. Stanković, Jovica Stanković, Zoran Tomić
DIGITALIZATION AND SUSTAINABILITY – OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FOR INSURANCE INDUSTRY
Summary:
Digital revolution and demands for sustainability are the most important determinants of the economic development in the last years. Insurance as a risk protection mechanism can support the achievement of many Global Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations in direct or indirect manner. Decision engines and artificial intelligence support to decision-making allow insurers to propose tailored customer-centric services based on micro-segments and personalized risk profiles. Providing a more adequate set of products insurance creates a financial safety net for women, families and businesses and contributes to poverty alleviation and supports economic growth, innovations and employment. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to present the possibilities of application of information technology in insurance and challenges for its implementation.
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Lyudmil Krystev
A Comparative Analysis of Return on Equity in Bulgarian Public
Companies
Summary:
In practice, there are different criteria for the classification of Bulgarian public companies. Public companies are most commonly ranked according to their market capitalisation and realised turnover (the value amount of transactions with shares in a company). In this article, another criterion for the classification of Bulgarian public companies has been proposed. This criterion is the return reached by the shares of public companies. In the article, a comparative analysis of return on equity in Bulgarian public companies in the insurance and banking sectors has been made.
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Rousalin Rousalinov
CUSTOMER-CENTRIC APPROACH FOR FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SURVEYS OF PRIVATE SECURITY COMPANIES
Summary:
The subjects of the study are private security companies. Its object is the leading role of the customer-centric approach for financial and economic justification of the successful functioning and development of private security companies. The research hypothesis is that an objective assessment of the financial and economic aspects and the motivation of individuals and legal entities to purchase protection and security services under the conditions of post-epidemic recovery of the economy can be carried out by means of customer satisfaction and service pricing justification surveys. The aim of this article is to present the results of a customer satisfaction survey and the assessment of the financial and economic aspects as well as the motivation of individuals and legal entities to purchase protection and security services under the conditions of post-epidemic recovery of the economy. Structurally, the article includes three main sections: the first section focuses on the circulation of cash flows of private security companies; the second section presents selected elements of the conducted survey; and the third present an analysis of the survey among private security companies where the protection and security services compete and at the same time complement property insurance services. The survey results (based on a multi-crtieria Likert scale) confirm the validity of the "value for money" concept as an important factor for the pricing of private protection and security services. The survey questionnaire successfully compares the services of non-life insurance companies and the services of protection and security companies. The prevailing opinion is in favour of using the services of specialized companies over taking out insurance policies, with 61% of respondents expressing the opinion that hiring a spåcialized protection and security company is a more effective way to ensure property protection to taking out equivalent insurance with a general insurance company.
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Boyan Iliev
Multiple Peril Risk Insurance of Agricultural Crops – a Myth or Reality
Summary:
The insurance of agricultural crops is a conservative type of insurance. It is quite rarely that radical organizational changes are introduced. Currently, however, conditions dictate the introduction ofthere are the necessary conditions such changes in the Republic of Bulgaria. Modern development of agricultural production is a prerequisite for changing the methodology of this type of insurance so as to adapt it to the demands of agricultural producers. This article develops the thesis that a similar change might be implemented by transforming the liability of insurance companies from a liability related to certain risks and losses to a liability referring to any risks and losses. In other words, it is possible to make the transition to the so-called multiple peril risk insurance.
Multiple peril risk insurance is considered to be a novelty which has only recently been introduced in EU member-states with advanced economies. Therefore, it is the subject of large-scale discussions. The objective is to choose to introduce such an option that will best correspond to the specific features of the agricultural development and traditions in the Republic of Bulgaria and related insurance practice.
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Lyudmil Krystev
Guidelines for Analysing the Financial Statements of Bulgarian Publicly Traded Insurance Companies
Summary:
Financial statements provide information necessary to analyse and assess the financial position of publicly traded companies. Information users include a wide range of entities, such as creditors, suppliers, customers, investors, external control bodies, etc. This paper promotes the thesis that the information disclosed in financial statements helps investors in their decision to invest in the shares of publicly traded companies. A precise analysis of financial statements may result in a decision to purchase, not to purchase, or to sell some of the stocks of the companies which are subject to analysis. The article focuses on publicly traded companies in the insurance sector.
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Stoyan Prodanov
Indemnification of Non-Material Damages Caused by Road
Traffic Accidents – Ethical and Financial Aspects
Summary:
With the development of road transport, social, labour, educational, investment, and cultural mobility has improved, at the expense of worsened traffic security, increased damage to property, health and lives of traffic participants. Car accidents have become a global phenomenon and are a leading cause of death compared to household and occupational accidents. The value of human life continues to be a challenging and unresolved problem facing science, politics, economic and social relations. However, healthcare, insurance, the fields of security and justice are daily confronted with the need to negotiate and find a pragmatic solution to the problem of the value of human life. Insurance companies offering the compulsory ‘Motor third party liability insurance’ cover the liability of the insured for the damage caused to third parties as a result of the possession or use of a motor vehicle while driving or idling. Insurers cover non material and material damages resulting from bodily injury or death, damage caused to other people’s property, loss of profit deriving directly and immediately from the damage, reasonable costs incurred in relation to the filing of a claim, including legal expenses awarded against the insured, and the interest. The current situation in the insurance market, the legal regulation of indemnities in our country, as well as the prosperity of the Bulgarian citizens, reflect on a number of problems accompanying this type of insurance.
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Lyudmil Krystev
PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF FINANCIAL CONTROLLING IN A COMPANY
Summary:
Financial controlling facilitates the managers of companies in making the right managerial decisions. The process of controlling includes planning, control and analysis. Planning is associated with setting goals and developing planned budgets, control – with detecting deviations from the goals, whereas analysis is associated with disclosing the reasons for these deviations. The information system occupies a central place in financial controlling. It includes a system of indicators; the leading indicator being considered as an objective. The role of information systems in controlling is to link planning activities, control and analysis. This article presents the application of the information system of financial controlling in a particular company – an insurance company operating in the sector of General Insurance.
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Lyudmil Krystev
THEORETIC ASPECTS OF FINANCIAL CONTROLLING IN THE FIRM
Summary:
The focus is on financial controlling as part of the controlling in the firm. The article highlights the need of financial controlling Bulgarian companies. It explores the factors of the external and the internal environment of the company within the context of financial controlling as well as the types of controlling. The major financial indicators that are used as a basis for the formulation of the goals of the company are outlined.
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G. Draganov
RISK MANAGEMENT AND RISK TRANSFER REGARDING OBJECTS
OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
Summary:
The aim of the author is to consider an issue which has not been subject to research so far. The article proves that risk management is an important element of the Intellectual Property system. Risk management helps reduce injuries arising from the materialisation of pure and speculative risks.
The article also pays special attention to risk transfer related to intel-lectual products. The article considers insurance transfer to be the most ac-ceptable and therefore the insurance of objects of intellectual property should be introduced into practice.
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Neno Pavlov, Radoslav Gabrovski
FRAGMENTS OF THE LIFE AND WORKS OF THE FOUNDER
OF ACADEMIC EDUCATION IN INSURANCE IN BULGARIA
Summary:
The aim of the article is to commemorate and pay tribute to the renowned scientist and practitioner Prof. Veleslav Gavriyski, DSc. It highlights the most significant facts and events from his biography outlining his extensive studies in prestigious universities in the country and abroad and emphasizing his role as a co-founder and the first head of the only insurance department in Bulgaria. Moreover, it describes Prof. Gavriyski’s role as a pioneer in the fields of theory (economics) of insurance, reinsurance and insurance law in Bulgaria with his remarkable contribution to the writing of the first fundamental university textbooks and manuals in these fields. In 1996, Prof. Veleslav Gavriyski, DSc Foundation was established in acknowledgement of the contribution and support of this remarkable scientist for the development of the national insurance and social security sectors in the country.
