More titles

• 

  ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION AND INSTITUTIONAL ADAPTATION IN A RENT-BASED ECONOMY: THE CASE OF SAUDI ARABIA

  This article analyzes the political-economic transformation of Saudi Arabia over the past decade, framing it as a unique case of authoritarian modernization, post-rentier economic reform, and global geostrategic adaptation. Based on an interdisciplinary approach integrating theories of the rentier state, institutional inertia, and visionary ... This article analyzes the political-economic transformation of Saudi Arabia over the past decade, framing it as a unique case of authoritarian modernization, post-rentier economic reform, and global geostrategic adaptation. Based on an interdisciplinary approach integrating theories of the rentier state, institutional inertia, and visionary governance, the study traces the kingdom�s main vectors of change: economic diversification through Vision 2030, human capital development and social policy transformation, attempts toward ecological sustainability and climate adaptation, and a redefined foreign policy role in a multipolar global order. The article argues that Saudi Arabia is not merely an example of authoritarian resilience but an emerging model of statehood where legitimacy is grounded in performance, global positioning, and control over transnational flows. At the same time, the article underscores the internal constraints of this transformation, particularly institutional rigidity, social fragmentation, and the absence of political inclusion. This research contributes to ongoing debates on hybrid configurations of economic development, state power, and non-liberal forms of modernity.

• 

  MODERNIZATION PATHWAYS FOR GEORGIA�S TRANSPORT SECTOR: STRATEGIC CHALLENGES AND REGIONAL PROSPECTS

  This study evaluates Georgia�s logistics potential and examines its prospects for becoming a key regional transport hub. Owing to its strategic geographical location, Georgia enjoys considerable transit advantages; however, infrastructural constraints, tariff-related issues, and geopolitical risks continue to limit the country�s full potential. ... This study evaluates Georgia�s logistics potential and examines its prospects for becoming a key regional transport hub. Owing to its strategic geographical location, Georgia enjoys considerable transit advantages; however, infrastructural constraints, tariff-related issues, and geopolitical risks continue to limit the country�s full potential. The research applies PESTEL analysis to identify the main barriers to regional positioning and outlines strategies for overcoming them. The originality of the paper lies in proposing an integrated framework for enhancing the efficiency of transport logistics through infrastructure modernization, tariff reforms, and the strengthening of international partnerships. The findings emphasize that advancing infrastructure, updating fiscal and tariff policies, and modernizing transport networks are essential steps for consolidating Georgia�s role within regional transport corridors.

• 

  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS � FACTORING, CESSION, TAXATION

  The article examines factoring and cession as financial instruments for short-term financing of companies experiencing liquidity difficulties, as well as their role in providing resources to achieve better liquidity. The subject of the study is to outline specific actions and capabilities used for collecting receivables from debtors, as well as ... The article examines factoring and cession as financial instruments for short-term financing of companies experiencing liquidity difficulties, as well as their role in providing resources to achieve better liquidity. The subject of the study is to outline specific actions and capabilities used for collecting receivables from debtors, as well as the similarities and the differences between factoring and cession in their operating activity and their VAT treatment. The purpose of the paper is to clarify the place, role, and capacity of these instruments to release the working capital of companies �frozen by disloyal partners�, thereby enabling the reinvestment of the provided �fresh money� into their ongoing activities. The author�s thesis is to emphasize factoring and cession as financial instruments, stressing their role and significance for economic agents. They are applied to overcome financial difficulties and strengthen business performance.